Paryushan Parv: A Journey of Self-Purification and Forgiveness

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Paryushan Parv: A Journey of Self-Purification and Forgiveness

Paryushan Parv, also known as Paryushan Mahaparva, is one of the most significant festivals in Jainism. Celebrated annually, it usually falls in the months of August or September, aligning with the Bhadrapad month of the Hindu calendar. This festival is a time for Jains to intensify their spiritual practices, focusing on fasting, prayer, and meditation.


The Meaning and Significance

The word “Paryushan” is derived from two Sanskrit words: “Pari” meaning “all kinds” and “Ushan” meaning “to stay closer.” Thus, Paryushan signifies staying closer to one’s soul through various means. It is a period dedicated to self-purification and spiritual upliftment, where Jains strive to reduce their worldly activities and focus on their inner selves.


Observances and Practices

During Paryushan, Jains observe several rituals and practices aimed at spiritual growth:


Fasting: Many Jains undertake fasting, which can range from a single day to over a month. The most common fast involves consuming only boiled water between sunrise and sunset1.

Prayer and Meditation: Devotees spend more time in prayer and meditation, reciting sacred texts and reflecting on their actions.

Forgiveness: The festival culminates in the celebration of Samvatsari, also known as the Day of Forgiveness. On this day, Jains seek forgiveness from others for any harm caused, intentionally or unintentionally, during the past year. The phrase “Micchami Dukkadam” is commonly used, meaning "If I have caused you offense in any way, knowingly or unknowingly, in thought, word, or deed, then I seek your forgiveness".

Differences in Observance

The festival is observed differently by the two main sects of Jainism:


Shvetambara Jains: They celebrate Paryushan for eight days, during which they recite the Kalpa Sutra, a sacred text that includes the life stories of the Tirthankaras, especially Lord Mahavira.

Digambara Jains: They observe the festival for ten days, known as Das Lakshana Parva, focusing on the ten universal virtues. The sixth day is celebrated as Sugandh Dashami, and the festival concludes with Ananta Chaturdashi.

The Spiritual Journey

Paryushan Parv is more than just a festival; it is a journey towards self-realization and spiritual awakening. It provides an opportunity for introspection, helping individuals to cleanse their minds and souls. By practicing forgiveness, Jains believe they can break free from the cycle of birth and death, moving closer to liberation.


In essence, Paryushan Parv is a time for Jains to reconnect with their inner selves, seek forgiveness, and strive for spiritual purity. It is a reminder of the importance of compassion, humility, and self-discipline in our lives.

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